«La iglesia y el velo de la virtud», Frei Betto

En los próximos días la Iglesia Católica tendrá un nuevo papa. Hasta que sea elegido, los cardenales de 48 países estarán reunidos en Roma, debatiendo, con toda seguridad, los motivos que llevaron a renunciar a Benedicto 16.

Para la opinión pública, un valiente gesto de humildad, sobre todo en estos tiempos en que muchos políticos se creen inmortales y no conciben vivir alejados del poder. Es el caso de Berlusconi en Italia, que de nuevo busca ser primer ministro, y de tantos aquí en Brasil, acostumbrados a repartirse la República y a tratar a ministros y jefes de autarquías señalados por ellos igual que un terrateniente trata a sus capataces.

La Iglesia es una institución de origen divino, pero formada por seres humanos que, cada día, deben orar «perdona nuestras ofensas… y no nos dejes caer en tentación”. Pero caen, y provocan escándalos, como los reiterados casos de pedofilia.

Quien conoce la historia de la Iglesia sabe cuántos abusos y crímenes fueron cometidos por ella en nombre de Dios. Para citar tan sólo casos del Brasil, durante el período colonial obispos y sacerdotes fueron conniventes con la esclavitud; la Inquisición apresó y eliminó a sospechosos, llevados a la prisión y a la hoguera en Portugal; y la expresión «santo de palo hueco” evoca el contrabando de oro y diamantes de que iban rellenas las imágenes de santos llevadas por los clérigos al exterior.

El ser humano padece de dos limitaciones inevitables: plazo de validez (todos vamos a morir) y defecto de fabricación (caminamos entre luces y sombras). Es lo que la Biblia llama el pecado original.

Al querer pasar de su origen divino al carácter de institución la Iglesia comete el error de intentar cubrir con el velo de la virtud los frutos del pecado. ¿Por qué llamar al papa Su Santidad si también él es pecador y necesita pedir la misericordia de Dios? ¿Por qué calificar de «sagradas” a las Congregaciones del Vaticano que actúan como ministerios de una monarquía absoluta?

Cuanto mayor es la altura, peor es la caída. El velo de la virtud se rasgó ante los escándalos de pedofilia y en estos días con la revelación de la red de prostitución que opera en Roma para ofrecer servicios sexuales de seminaristas.

Nada de ello disminuye el mérito de tantos miembros de la Iglesia que dan sus vidas para que otros tengan vida, como es el caso de los obispos Pedro Casaldáliga, Paulo Evaristo Arns, José María Pires, e innumerables sacerdotes y religiosos(as) que, desprovistos de ambiciones y lujos, se dedican a los enfermos, a los más pobres, a los químicodependientes, a los encarcelados.

Lo grave es que la Iglesia no se abra al debate acerca de las cuestiones candentes que conciernen a la condición humana. «Nada de lo que es humano es ajeno a la Iglesia”, decía el papa Pablo 6°. Por desgracia no es verdad. En torno a la sexualidad se ha creado una espesa cortina cerrada con el candado del tabú y del prejuicio.

A pesar de que en la práctica es debatido al interior de la institución eclesiástica, en puro rigor está oficialmente prohibido poner en cuestión el celibato obligatorio, la ordenación de mujeres, el uso de preservativos para evitar el sida y otras enfermedades, la sexualidad por placer (y no para procrear), el aborto en situaciones especiales, la unión de los homosexuales, etc.

El nuevo papa no podrá rehuir estos temas, bajo pena de ver a la Iglesia vaciarse o seguir viviendo bajo la hipocresía de una moral contenida en la doctrina en contradicción con la moral vivida por los fieles.

Además de despojarse del velo de la virtud, la Iglesia debiera preguntarse qué sentido tiene que el papado proclame que la Iglesia no se mete en política y entretanto el Vaticano se mantiene como un Estado soberano, con representación en la ONU y los nuncios como embajadores en diversos países.

El papa debiera ser solamente pastor de los fieles católicos, el obispo de Roma, que sirve de estímulo a la comunión universal en la fe, y no un monarca absolutista con poderes de intervención en todas las diócesis del mundo.

El concilio Vaticano 2° propuso para la Iglesia un gobierno colegiado, lo que no fue implementado por Pablo 6° ni por Juan Pablo 2° ni por Benedicto 16. La mosca azul parece picarle también al papado.

Esta «embriaguez de la victoria”, como decía Toynbee, hace como que la ceguera impidiese al pontífice evitar la corrupción en el banco del Vaticano, la sustracción de documentos secretos en la Curia Romana, la traición de su mayordomo, y tantos otros escándalos que ahora empañan profundamente la imagen de la Iglesia.

Jesús no se hizo acompañar por un grupo de perfectos o santos. Pedro lo negó, Tomás dudó, Judas lo traicionó, los hijos de Zebedeo ambicionaban el poder temporal. Tampoco todos eran castos y angelicales. En el capítulo primero del evangelio de Marcos se afirma que Jesús curó a la suegra de Pedro. Si tenía suegra es porque tenía mujer. Pero no por eso dejó de ser considerado como líder de la comunidad de apóstoles.

Quien camina sin dar saltos tropieza menos. Es hora de que el papa calce las sandalias del pescador, abdique de los títulos honoríficos heredados del imperio romano y asuma, colegiadamente con los cardenales de todo el mundo, el más evangélico de todos sus títulos: siervo de los siervos de Dios.

Fonte: http://www.adital.com.br/site/noticia.asp?lang=ES&cod=74078

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