«O arte de ser feliz», Frei Betto

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Achegamos este artigo do teólogo brasileiro Frei Betto baixo o título "O arte de ser feliz", no que nos presenta unha interesante reflexión sobre a felicidade.

"EL ARTE DE SER FELIZ" Frei Betto

Recibí este escrito de una amiga:

“¿Existe alguna receta capaz de hacer que una persona se apasione por algo, sea lo que sea? No es necesario que sea algo trascendental. Pero sí algo que dé sentido a la vida. No es que la vida esté desprovista de sentido, sino desprovista de sabor.

“Está claro que me estoy refiriendo a mí, y que puedo incluso estar siendo demasiado exigente, o demasiado cruel con mi persona. Pero ésta es una reflexión de hoy, de ahora. Me doy cuenta de que no tengo ninguna pasión. Eso es al menos lo que me dice mi mente y lo que percibo. Y eso me hace sentir como carente de algo.

“Hay gente a quien le gustan las carreras de coches, de caballos, de barcos. Gente a la que le gusta hacer punto, escalar montañas, meditar durante hooooras seguidas; a quien le gusta leer, ser médico, periodista, político incluso. Qué vida… cómo lo admiro. La vida frenética de las ciudades bulle en algunas personas, y la vida tranquila del campo en otras. Tengo alegrías y una normalidad ética permeada por un buen sentido refinado. Pero siento (hasta irracionalmente), de una forma muy fuerte, la inestabilidad.

“Un día tú dijiste que te gustaría ser semilla. Reflexioné sobre ello… pero no pasó nada. El ritual inevitable de la convivencia y todo lo que rodea las relaciones interpersonales, sumado a un buen augurio astral, ya cuidan de ello. Quería apasionarme. Tener un hobby. Uno cualquiera.

“Son muchas las alegrías. Tengo la sonrisa fácil… Pero la felicidad es cosa rara, de frágiles y preciosos momentos. Tengo una querencia morbosa con la música de Zeca Pagodinho que dice: “…deja que la vida me lleve… vida, llévame…” Quiero sentir un sentido. La vida, el planeta, la diversidad religiosa, etc. son asombrosos de tan infinitos. Pero permanezco insensible. Sin querer explotar su tiempo y sus insights… digo: quisiera saber qué dices sobre esto”.

Quedé pensativo. Hay personas que me creen portador de respuestas para cualquier problema de la vida. No saben los que yo acumulo en mi propia trayectoria. Sin embargo sé lo que es la felicidad. Difiere de la alegría. La felicidad es un estado de espíritu, es estar bien consigo mismo, con la naturaleza, con Dios. No siempre con los demás. Las relaciones humanas son amorosamente conflictivas. Envidias,  congojas, riñas, malos entendidos, son piedras en el zapato.

La alegría es algo que se experimenta ocasionalmente. Una persona puede ser feliz sin parecer alegre. Y conozco a muchos que derrochan alegría sin convencerme de que son felices.

Después de meditar sobre la consulta de mi amiga respondí: “Querida X: diría que lo primer es salir del refugio…  Juntarse con quien ya encontró algún sentido en la vida: un equipo en el juego de ajedrez,  la pandilla del cine en casa, el grupo político, la ONG de la solidaridad, etc. Es necesario juntarse, sentir el estímulo que procede de la comunidad, de los demás, ese entusiasmo que, si hoy falta en mí, proviene del compañero de al lado…

“Puedes encontrar la pasión de vivir en mil actividades: leer historias en un asilo, ayudar voluntariamente en un hospital pediátrico, coser para un hogar cuna o participar en un partido político, en un grupo de apoyo a movimientos sociales, alfabetizar a empleadas domésticas y a porteros de apartamentos o dedicarte a investigar la historia del candomblé o el por qué tantos jóvenes buscan en la droga la utopía química que no encuentran en la vida.

“Pero, sobre todo, sugiero sumergirse en una experiencia espiritual. Sumergirse. Es lo que ahora, en esta mañana luminosa de Cruz das Almas (BA), me viene a la cabeza y al corazón”.

El sabio profesor Milton Santos, que no tenía creencia religiosa, decía que la felicidad se encuentra en los bienes infinitos. Mientras que la cultura capitalista que respiramos centra la felicidad en la posesión de bienes finitos. Ahora bien, el sicoanálisis sabe que nuestro deseo es infinito, insaciable. Y la teología identifica a Dios como su objetivo.

En mi opinión no hay nadie más feliz que los místicos. Son personas que consiguen  orientar el deseo hacia dentro de sí, al contrario de la pulsión consumista, que trata de buscar la satisfacción del deseo en algo que está fuera de nosotros. Al no abrazar la vía del Absoluto, el peligro está en encarrilarse por la del absurdo.

Como el Mercado, que todo lo ofrece en envolturas seductoras, todavía no ha sido capaz de ofrecer lo que todos más buscamos -la felicidad-, entonces trata de  meternos la idea de que la felicidad es el resultado de la suma de los placeres. Poseer tal auto, aquella casa, realizar aquel viaje, vestir tal ropa… nos hará tan felices como la imagen de los actores y actrices que aparecen en los carteles publicitarios.

Tengo la certeza de que nada vuelve a una persona más feliz que el empeñarse a favor de la felicidad ajena; y esto vale tanto en la relación íntima como en el compromiso social de luchar por “otro mundo posible”, sin desigualdades insultantes y en el que todos puedan vivir con dignidad y paz.

El derecho a la felicidad debiera constar en la Declaración Universal de los Derechos Humanos. Y los países no debieran ansiar en adelante el crecimiento del PIB sino el del FIB: la Felicidad Interna Bruta.

Frei Betto es escritor, autor de la novela “Un hombre llamado Jesús”, que aparecerá esta semana.

Traducción de J.L.Burguet (20 de noviembre 2009)

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